CEO=chief executive officer=tổng giám đốc điều hành công ty.
gender= phái tính (nam hay nữ).
the person in charge=người quản nhiệm, chỉ huy.
a job title=chức.
Position=chức vụ. The title CEO is the most important position in a company.
a business card=danh thiếp (ghi tên họ, chức vụ, số điện thoại)
respect=kính trọng.
On the surface, they often try to treat each other equally=bề ngoài, họ thường cố đối xử với nhau công bằng.
If you treat all the men and women you meet with respect, you can’t make a mistake!= Nếu bạn đối xử với mọi người nam hay nữ với lòng tôn trọng thì không bao giờ bạn nhầm lẫn đâu.
To run=điều khiển.
To run a company=điều hành một công ty.
age and gender=tuổi và phái tính (nam hay nữ).
Based only on age and gender=chỉ dựa vào tuổi và phái tính.
who is in charge=ai là người quản đốc, chỉ huy.
wait for the introductions=chờ được giới thiệu.
indicate=chỉ rõ.
Director=giám đốc

Trong một công ty, director dưới quyền Vice President, và Vice President dưới quyền President hay CEO. Trong nhiều công ty, chức vụ cao nhất kiêm cả hai chức là President và CEO.

Vice President=phó chủ tịch.
Manager=trưởng phòng hay đơn vị của công ty, dưới cấp giám đốc (director).
exchange business cards=trao đổi danh thiếp.
informal=thân mật.
Take time to look at the cards carefully=để thì giờ đọc kỹ danh thiếp.
best strategy=phương cách tốt nhất.

CUT 1

Culture Tips: Status in Business.

Larry: Culture Tips.

This Culture Tip answers the question: “When I meet a group of American business people, how do I know who is the most important?”

Eliz: Welcome once again to “Culture Tips” with Gary Engleton.
Gary: Welcome, everybody!
Eliz: Today we’re going to talk about who is the most important in American companies.
The e-mail question is: “When I meet a group of American business people, how do I know who is the most important?”
“In my country, the oldest man is usually the person in charge.”
Gary: That’s a very good question.
It’s true that, in America, many companies are run by older men. But you cannot tell who is important based only on age and gender.
Eliz: Gender?
Gary: Yes, whether a person is a man or a woman.
In some companies, very young people have important positions.
One famous example is Bill Gates, CEO of Microsoft. The oldest person is not always the most important.
And in many American companies, women hold very important positions.
Eliz: So how do you know who is in charge when you meet people for the first time?
Gary: You should wait for introductions, and listen for job titles that indicate an important position.
Eliz; Such as...
Gary: Oh, titles like Director, or Vice President, or Manager.
Eliz: What about business cards? Can they help?
Gary: Yes, you can often tell good information from business cards.
If you exchange business cards, take time to look at the cards carefully. The titles on business cards will often let you know who is the most important.
One final word of advice: In business, American are rather informal. On the surface, they often try to treat each other equally.
If you treat all the men and women you meet with respect, you can’t make a mistake!
Eliz: Yes, that’s the best strategy!
Thanks again, Gary, for your valuable information!
Gary: I’m always glad to help.

MUSIC

Vietnamese Explanation

Trong phần tới quí vị thực tập bằng cách trả lời đúng hay sai, True or False. Quí vị nghe một câu xem câu đó đúng hay sai, dựa vào tin tức của phần trên bài học. Sau đó nghe câu trả lời đúng để xem mình có trả lời đúng hay không.

CUT 2

Language Focus: True/False

Larry: True or False.
Larry: Listen. Is this statement true or false?
Eliz: In American companies, some very young people have high positions. (ding) (pause for answer)
Eliz: True. Young people sometimes have high positions in American companies. (ding)(pause for answer)
Eliz: A Vice President is an important person in a company. (ding)(pause for answer)
Eliz: True. A Vice President is an important person.
Eliz: If you are not sure who is the most important, pay most attention to the oldest man.(ding)(pause for answer)
Eliz: False. You should not assume that the oldest man is the most important.

MUSIC

Vietnamese Explanation

Trong phần tiếp, Business Dialog: Checking an Appointment Hỏi lại cho chắc ngày giờ hẹn, trong đó Ms. Powers hỏi lại Ông Malone, đồng nghiệp của cô xem có rảnh để cùng gặp ông Meyers không.

Colleague=đồng nghiệp
I made an appointment for us to see Mr. Meyers=Tôi đã xin hẹn cho chúng ta gặp ông Myers.
Are you still free at 11:00 on Wednesday?=Ông còn rảnh lúc 11 giờ Thứ Tư này không?
That’s too bad= tệ quá.
That’s fine with me= giờ ấy tiện cho tôi.

CUT 3

Business Dialog: Checking an Appointment.

Larry: Business Dialog.

Eliz: Let’s listen to today’s Business Dialog. We’ll hear Ms. Powers confirming an appointmeent with her colleague, Mr. Malone. [Tiếng động trong văn phòng]
Powers: Excuse me. Do you have a minute?
Malone: Certainly. Please come in.
Powers. Thanks. I made an appointment for us to see Mr. Myers. Are you still free at 11:00 on Wednesday?
Malone: 11:00 on Wednesday? I’m afraid not. I’m busy all morning.
Powers: That’s too bad.
Malone: How abouut 1:00 on Friday?
Powers: That’s fine with me.
Malone: Would you call him back and see if Friday is good for him?
Powers: Sure. I’ll call him right away.
Malone: Thanks.

MUSIC

Vietnamese Explanation

Đoạn sắp tới Focus on Functions: Confirming, quí vị tập nghe cách hỏi lại cho chắc một buổi hẹn hay dự tính trước.
Are you still free at 11:00 on Wednesday?= Ông vẫn còn rảnh vào lúc 11 giờ thứ Tư không?

CUT 4

Language Focus: Focus on Functions: Confirming.

Larry: Focus on Functions: Confirming.
Eliz: Now let’s focus on Confirming Plans.
Eliz: Let’s look at the language used to confirm plans.
Larry: Listen carefully.
Eliz: I made an appointment for us to see Mr. Myers. (pause)
Eliz: Are you still free at 11:00 on Wednesday? (pause)
Eliz: I’m afraid not. I’m busy all morning. (pause)

MUSIC

Vietnamase Explanation

Trong phần tới, Gary’s Tips: Confirming: I want to let you know that...Are you still free at...Gary sẽ chỉ dẫn cho ta những câu dùng để hỏi lại cho chắùc, I want to let you know that...tôi muốn ông biết rằng....Are you still free at...Ông vẫn rảnh lúc...
Still free=vẫn còn rảnh.
Not available=bận.
I’m afraid not..= tôi e rằng tôi không [rảnh]...
make reservations=hẹn, dành trước.

Trước khi nghe đoạn cuối, mời quí vị ôn lại về possessives=sở hữu cách.

Thêm ‘s:

the boy’s book=cuốn sách của cậu con trai
chidren’s hour=giờ dành cho thiếu nhi.

Nếu danh tự đã tận cùng bằng s thì chỉ thêm apostrophe

ladies’ handbags=túi xách tay của quí bà.

Để ý là trong câu John is Bob and Sandra’s son thì =>; chỉ có ‘s sau Sandra, từ thứ hai; nếu hai chữ liên hệ với nhau như somebody (người nào khác) và else (nữa) trong somebody else’s umbrella=ô của người khác, thì thêm ‘s sau else.

Personal names=tên người

thêm ‘s

Burns’s poems=thơ của thi sĩ Burns.
Nhưng tên cổ tận cùng bằng s, thì chỉ thêm apostrophe thôi: Confucious’ teachings=lời dạy của Khổng tử.
Moses’ Laws=luật của Mô-se.

CUT 5

Larry: Gary’s Tips.
Liz: Now it’s time for Gary’s Tips with Gary Engleton!
Gary: Hello, Elizabeth. Today I’ll be talking about how to confirm plans. In the Business Dialog, Ms. Powers tells Mr. Malone that she has made an appointment with Mr. Myers.
Then she checks to see that Mr. Malone is available at that time.
She uses the expression still free because his schedule was free the last time she checked with him.
Powers: I made an appointment for us to see Mr. Meyers. Are you still free at 11:00 on Wednesday?
Gary: Unfortunately, Mr. Malone’s plans have changed and he is not available at 11:00 on Wednesday.
Powers: Are you still free at 11:00 on Wednesday?
Malone: 11:00 on Wednesday?
Malone: I’m afraid not. I’m busy all morning.
Powers: That’s too bad.
Gary: “I’m afraid not” is a polite way to say No. (short pause)
Gary: Earlier, In Mr. Epstein’s conversation with Ms. Graham, we also heard him confirming plans.
He told Ms. Graham that he had scheduled a meeting with Mr. Blake. He wanted to make sure that it was okay with her.
Epstein: Listen, I just wanted to let you know that I’ve made reservations for lunch tomorrow afternoon at 12:15.
Epstein: Okay?
Gary: The expression,”I just wanted to let you know...” is a polite way to give information to someone.

In this case, “Okay” means “Is that time okay with you?” Notice how Ms. Graham confirms that she understands the meeting arrangements.

Graham: With Mr. Blake?
Epstein: That’s right, of International Robotics
Graham: Okay. So we should leave here at...?
Epstein: About 12:00.
Graham: 12:00 sounds just fine.
Gary: Asking questions and using the expression “So...” are excellent ways to confirm information.

Also notice how Ms. Graham uses an incomplete sentence, instead of asking the direct question: When should we leave?

Gtaham: Okay. So, we should leave here at...?
Epstein: About 12:00
Gary: These are just some of the ways to confirm information. Thanks for joining us today for Gary’s Tips. We’ll see you again next time.
Eliz: Thanks, Gary.

MUSIC

Vietnamese Explanation

Quí vị vừa học xong bài 58 trong Chương trình Anh Ngữ Sinh Động New Dynamic English. Phạm Văn xin kính chào quí vị thính giả và xin hẹn gặp lại trong bài học kế tiếp.