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lovelycat
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ID 13791
Date: 10/01/2006
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Thử tài tí chơi: TOEFL Reading Questions (part 2)
On the other hand, in the course of the evolution of birds from reptiles, there was a succession of changes in the bone, muscle, and skin structures of the animals. This wholesale restructuring of some reptiles over a period of thousands of years equipped the new animals to escape their predators and to find food more easily. But the evolutionary process did not stop there. Once adapted to flight, some birds continued to change and the process seemed to reverse itself. As penguins adapted to marine life, their wings changed to flippers and their feathers to a waterproof covering, thus suiting the birds for a semiaquatic existence.
32. What is the main topic of this paragraph?
(A) Penguins
(B) Flying
(C) Adaptation
(D) Reptiles
33. What does the paragraph preceding this one probably discuss?
(A) The characteristics of certain birds
(B) Bone alterations in penguins
(C) A nonevolutionary theory
(D) Evolution of another animal
34. According to the passage, what is the relationship between reptiles and birds?
(A) Birds developed from reptiles.
(B) Reptiles use birds’ eggs as a source of food.
(C) Birds adapted to living with reptiles.
(D) Reptiles helped birds to survive.
35. Certain reptiles gradually became able to escape quickly by
(A) acquiring new structural features
(B) becoming smaller and stronger
(C) changing their eating habits
(D) imitating other animals
36. According to the passage, gradual anatomical changes enabled one kind of flying bird to
(A) develop good eyesight for hunting fish
(B) fly over long distances
(C) evolve more quickly than other birds.
(D) adapt to surviving in the water
37. It can be concluded from the passage that penguins were at one time able to
(A) catch reptiles
(B) fly
(C) live entirely in the water
(D) find food easily
Questions 38-41
The Einstein Observatory is an orbiting spacecraft that is mapping in detail extremely distant sources of x-rays. It has sent back information that has led to a new concept of how the universe was formed. Some leading scientists now conclude that the evolution of the universe depended heavily on sequences of explosions and that the shock waves that followed them may have played an important part in galaxy formation.
38. What is the best title for this passage?
(A) New Ideas About Einstein’s Theories
(B) Mapping the Galaxies by Satellites
(C) New Ideas on the Formation of the Universe
(D) The Evolution of X-rays
39. According to the passage, what is the Einstein Observatory?
(A) An x-ray laboratory
(B) An orbiting spacecraft
(C) A university planetarium
(D) A research institute
40. The passage discusses a study that is being made of
(A) a spacecraft
(B) a series of explosions
(C) distant x-ray sources
(D) remote stars
41. According to the passage, some scientists think that
(A) explosions played a key role in the evolution of the universe
(B) the evolution of the universe was followed by a series of explosions
(C) galaxy formation depends heavily on continual explosions
(D) explosions and catastrophic shocks occur in a wave sequence
Questions 42-48
Discovered a mere one hundred fifty years ago and manufactured commercially just half that long, aluminum today ranks behind only iron and steel among metals serving mankind. The key to its popularity is its incredible versatility. The same metal that makes kitchen foil serves as armor for battle field tanks. The material of lawn chairs and baseball bats also forms the vital parts of sir and space vehicles—most of their skeletons, their skins, even the rivets that bind them together.
Behind aluminum’s versatility lie properties so diverse that they almost seem to belong to several different metals. For example, in its pure form, aluminum is soft enough to whittle. Yet its alloys can possess the strength of steel, with only a third of its weight. Thus, when Alexander Calder designed one of his last mobiles—a soaring creation eighty feet long— his choice of aluminum over steel cut two tons from its weight. Aluminum also assures the masterpiece virtual immortality. The instant the metal is exposed to sir, its surface acquires a transparent film that seals the interior against further corrosion.
42. According to the passage ,the use of aluminum is
(A) greater than that of any other metal
(B) equal to that of iron
(C) less than that of steel
(D) negligible
43. According to the passage, aluminum is sometimes used to make which of the following
(A) Photographic film
(B) Frames for stuffed furniture
(C) Foils and other fencing equipment
(D) Parts of spaceships
44. It can be inferred from the passage that aluminum has been marketed for how many years?
(A) 40
(B) 75
(C) 80
(D) 150
45. The most important feature of aluminum is that it
(A) can be used for many different things
(B) is soft enough to whittle
(C) is strong
(D) can be marketed in pure form
46. Calder’s mobile was made of
(A) steel (B) aluminum
(C) two different metals
(D) a variety of metals
47. It can be inferred that a steel object weighing three tons would weigh how many tons if it were made of aluminum?
(A) One
(B) Three
(C) Six
(D) Nine
48. It can be inferred from the passage that things made of aluminum
(A) are usually sealed with plastic film
(B) are not very popular as art objects
(C) will last a long time
(D) should not be exposed to air for a long period of time
Questions 49-54
Art, for novelist Edith Wharton, was primarily a matter of selection; the novelist’s task was that of disengaging “crucial moments from the welter of existence” and making them vivid and meaningful. She rejected both the “slice of tile” theory and the “stream of consciousness” technique which, in her eyes, was merely a newfangled form of the former with Freudian trimmings. She knew that there were no trivial subjects per se, and she believed that It was precisely when dealing with apparent trivialities that the writer had need of the greatest aptitude.
A story might begin for Edith Wharton with either the characters or the situation. If the situation came first, she was always very careful to let it lie in her mind until It had brought forth of itself the people it needed. It was an idiosyncrasy of her creative mind that her characters always came to her with their names, which she could not change except at the cost of losing her hold on them. She always knew the destiny of her people from the beginning, but she did not know how that destiny would be expressed. Although her characters were portrayed in many settings and situations, they all reflected, by the often tragic outcome of their lives, her profound conviction that no human could be happy if that happiness was rooted in the wretchedness of another.
49. Edith Wharton felt that in writing novels it was important to
(A) isolate important events from life’ a overall picture
(B) write about “slices of life”
(C) adhere to the “stream of consciousness” technique
(D) emphasize personal idiosyncrasies
50. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that Edith Wharton, in writing a novel, was probably most concerned with the characters’
(A) ideals
(B) past histories
(C) future plans
(D) day-today lives
51. For Edith Wharton, the first idea for a story would most likely be
(A) a historical moment in time
(B) either the situation or the characters
(C) a summary of the characters’ past lives
(D) the structure of the plot
52. According to the passage, Edith Wharton’s characters always appeared to her with their
(A) idiosyncrasies
(B) situations
(C) names
(D) wretchedness
53. With regard to her characters’ destinies, Edith Wharton always knew
(A) what they would eventually be
(B) that they would be tragic
(C) that they would be meaningful
(D) how they would be achieved
54. According to the passage, which of the following is true about Edith Wharton’s characters?
(A) They often had lives that ended sadly.
(B) They frequently had strong convictions.
(C) They occasionally tried to make others happy.
(D) They always were profoundly unhappy.
Questions 55-60
A tribe of Plains Indians, the Assiniboins, had the distinction of hunting on foot. During the winter months the hunters wore snowshoes to chase the buffalo into the deep snow, where the animals were easily killed. The Assiniboins were thrifty people who utilized all of their dead prey: the meat was their food; their clothing came from the hides; their tools and weapons came from the bones and horns. Once the other parts had been disposed of, the children used the buffalo’s ribs as sleds.
55. According to the passage, what was unusual about the Assiniboin Indians?
(A) They were a tribe of Plains Indians.
(B) They were casual hunters.
(C) They did not hunt on horseback.
(D) They did not kill buffalo in warm weather.
56. The passage indicates that the Indians chased the buffalo into deep snow so that the buffalo could NOT
(A) escape easily
(B) destroy crops
(C) frlghten their children
(D) disturb other animals
57. According to the passage, the Assiniboin did which of the following?
(A) Observed religious rituals
(B) Lived in very small tribes.
(C) Used every part of the buffalo
(D) Hunted efficiently in groups
58. What does the passage imply about the clothing worn by the Assiniboins?
(A) It made them difficult to see.
(B) It concealed their tools and weapons.
(C) It was traded with other tribes.
(D) It was made of buffalo skins.
59. According to the passage, what is true about Assiniboin children?
(A) They worked as hard as the adults.
(B) They went sledding.
(C) They rode buffalo.
(D) They skinned animals.
60. What would be the best title for this passage?
(A) Assiniboin Eating Habits
(B) Winter Survival for the Assiniboins
(C) Assiniboin Tools and Weapons
(D) The Assiniboin Life-style
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